Month: October 2021

A day in the life of London – 與1984年的倫敦擦肩。

上週五休假的午後,我們一如往常逛著某間已造訪多次的cancer research (英國知名連鎖慈善商店),在架上撞見這本好適合用來裝飾coffee table的攝影集 – A day in the ilfe of London.

隨意翻個幾頁後立馬決定收藏。結帳時,櫃檯的阿姨略帶嚴肅的問:「你們住倫敦?」

我們異口同聲並自信的回答:「對!西北邊。」

不知道是不是我的外國人臉孔,勾起了互動的契機。她進而含蓄地微笑說:「這是一本很有趣的書,好好享受!」

踏出店外,我忍不住猜想,如果今天只是短暫駐足這座城市,阿姨的反應會不會有所不同。


這不是一本拍給旅客看的城市寫真

聊起倫敦,身邊最常聽到的描述有:雨都、迷人的英國腔、笨鐘、皇室、午茶,與相對荒蕪的飲食文化。

住上了幾年,許多既定的觀感和想像早已被翻轉,像是其實倫敦的晴天比例不少,抬頭時常望見一片湛藍;城市之外,口音的置換常讓人感到驚奇又有趣,眾人所熟悉的英國腔,其實僅是英國南部腔;而比起皇室,同事們似乎對氣象更有興趣。

褪去了旅居時難免的浪漫,隨著時空輪轉,生活的視角漸漸被揉捏成相對真實的狀態。在對這座城市的種種喜歡裡,也混雜著一定比例的厭惡,大概是如此,我才漸漸從中看見家的樣子。

多年後,簡述起我的倫敦印象,跳出的關鍵字有:酒吧、階級制度、轉角超市、逛不完的免費博物館和藝廊,城市文化的多元繽紛,巧妙投影在地鐵的每節車廂。

鏡頭下的光明與陰影,收納著再平凡不過的倫敦日常

或許是如此,這本紀實攝影集所捕捉到的真實與不盡人意,才顯得如此迷人。

書籍內收錄的作品,全數攝於1984年的9月14號星期三。近百位攝影師接力,攜手捕捉下倫敦各角落的24小時。

查了歷史紀錄,那天倫敦的氣象是多雲,以致近300多幅的作品裡,看不太見雨具或路人在雨中行走等刻板場景。

故事從午夜12點起跑,順著指針時序前進。首篇由地鐵車廂內的清潔人員揭序,接棒給街上躺成一片相互取暖的遊民,我跟隨著百位市井小民的步伐,撇見那世代跨越階級的生活風景。

以下就節錄幾篇打進我心頭裡的攝影作品與文字敘述,其中不少景點都令人感到萬分熟悉,卻也因鏡頭後的故事串連起,我異地生活面向裡的點線面。


6:15 AM – MEAT OFF THE HOOF

” Meat porters have already been shouldering carcasses and dodging barrows for several hours at Smithfields whloe-sale meat market in the heart of London. There has been a meat market at Smithfields in some form or another since the twelfth century, when Thomas, a Becket’s clerk recorded a ”smooth field” where every Friday there is a celebrated rendezvous of fine horses to be sold, and in another quarter are placed vendibles of the peasant, swine with their deep flanks, and cows and oxen of immense bulk.

Since then the cobbles have run with blood, not all of it animal. During the sixteenth century Smithfields became the place of public executions; In 1558, more than 200 persons were burned at the stake for their religious beliefs. ”

初次造訪該市場是幾個月前的事了,當時為了去吃倫敦小有名氣的餐廳st. John。記得我們穿越著佈滿休業店舖的長廊,意外撇見牆上具有歷史性的石磚,才驚覺原來自己竟踩在世紀知名的處決場。

「William Wallace (蘇格蘭獨立英雄)便在這裡被處決!」骨子裡流著蘇格蘭魂的山姆激動表示。

用處決的字眼描述不夠精準,確切來說是被 hanged, disemboweled, beheaded, and quartered.

嗯!倫敦的暗黑歷史要找機會來補修。


6:55 AM – TV BREAKFAST

” Pripan Singh arrives home from his job on the Heathrow Airport night shift in time to have breakfast with his sons, Gurginder and Ajip., before they leave for school. The Singhs, who came to Britain 16 years ago, live in Southall’s Golf links Estate where they, together with other Asian families living on the estate, are the target of continuous campaigns of racial harassment. their house has been stoned. When Pripan’s wife, Rashan, goes shopping, youths try to snatch her bags. Once, a bottle of urine was hurled through their front door. The two boys do not play outside because they are frightened of being attacked by the gangs of skinheads who prowl the estate. The family desperately wants to move. ”

記得幾個月前,身邊不少朋友討論起因疫情而在歐美延燒的仇華議題。以自己的倫敦生活經驗來說,未曾因持有一張亞洲臉孔而困擾,但也不諱言,意識形態背後的隱性歧視仍是存在著。

查了地圖,照片裡所拍攝的social housing離西倫敦的舊家不遠。而描述裡的Skinheads光頭黨,更是起源於英國1960年代的次文化代表!主體由工人階級的年輕人們組成,影響力遍及世界。

他們的外表普遍剃髮,穿著上熱愛窄管牛仔褲加一雙工靴或Dr Martens. 偏激的光頭黨更信奉種族優越主義,甚至崇拜希特勒。

無法想像光頭黨仍猖狂2021,置身倫敦的觀感將有多大的翻轉。


8:40 AM – FOOD FOR THOUGHT

” ‘Progressive Working Man’s Caterer’ reads the sign on the window of the Quality Chop House in Farrington Road and for 42 years owner/chef Eddy Enricho has been living up to the promise in the form of gargantuan breakfasts – as did his father before him. Eddy’s day begins long before the 6 am opening time when he arrives to prepare the pies and pastries. his first customers are night-shift workers and up-all-night revellers, followed by a succession of cloth cap working men, fleet Street reporters, city gents and, finally, young trendies attracted by the biggest breakfast in town – kippers, porridge, toast, bacon and eggs.”

讀到這裡,山姆大喊:The Quality Chop House! Have been wanting to take you there!

原來30多年後該餐廳不僅尚未歇業,更躺在男子的待訪清單之一。還以為他想帶我吃全倫敦份量最澎湃的早點,搜尋一下,才發現即使裝潢與照片99%相符,上桌的餐點已少了濃厚的庶民味,Google 旁更掛上了£££的符號。(下一秒,山姆已迫不及待預訂了本週日的午餐,在此也為男子的錢包提前哀悼。)

這也讓我想起,近幾年非常從山姆口中跑出的這個單字:gentrification.

The process whereby the character of a poor urban area is changed by wealthier people moving in, improving housing, and attracting new businesses, often displacing current inhabitants in the process.


10 AM – EEL PIE

” The staff – and customer – off eel and pie sellers M. Manze in Tower Bridge Road, Bermondsey, take time out before the lunchtime rush. Once as ubiquitous as McDonald’s, London’s eel and pie shops, with their menu of jellied eels, displayed live in the window to guarantee freshness, meat pies and green ”liquor” sauce, provided working classes with cheap dietary staples. now less than a handful remain, mostly family businesses like this one. ”

場景換到Tower bridge 附近的這間老牌Pie & Mash餐廳。同字面,馬鈴薯泥與派是源自十九世紀時傳統工人階級的飲食代表,而照片裡特別吸引我目光的,是那小招牌上寫著的Jellied eels.

雖然魚凍的照片看起來挺符合世人對英式料理的暗黑想像,卻也讓我想起某些年幼時期的晚餐記憶。肉凍一向是外省籍老兵退休下來的孟爺爺摯愛料理之一,即便賣相不佳,口感卻意外的清爽,十分適合悶熱的台北盛夏。

翻頁前,山姆說這種菜單專賣派與薯泥的小餐廳越來越少了,有機會經過一定要帶我嚐嚐!


10:05 AM – AM P.BLACKMAN

好幾年前還在唸書時,提起東倫敦會首先浮現Bricklane. 當時以旅客的身份穿梭在那些新舊混雜的建築與店舖間,乍看環境不僅相對髒亂,空氣裡更混著些許尿騷味和大麻味,與典型的英倫印象相差甚遠。

直到住上了幾年,隨著造訪該區的頻率增加,才漸漸懂得用更寬廣的視角,體現東倫敦所散發出的獨特 – 那既嬉皮、復古又前衛的生命力,更讓人體現次文化移民的喧鬧和張力。

(補充:後來也漸漸觀察到大麻味是蠻普遍的倫敦印象,與區域性無關。)

而照片左側的這間鞋店,則是眾人皆知,在英國買馬丁靴最便宜的獨立小店鋪!

這間1935年開業的小鞋店,座落於Bricklane相對安靜的巷弄內。對比起照片,多年後店舖門面已被改頭換面相,內裏陳設卻保持著一定程度的質樸散亂,多次以為自己誤闖了百貨公司的倉庫。

店內沒有精巧設計過的採光、沒有舒適柔軟的長凳,層層貨架擺設著店內供應的鞋款,看對眼就坐在矮凳上試穿,過程再跟老闆聊上幾句,對價錢開心就結帳的豪爽式消費。

在那裡我購入人生唯一一雙馬丁短靴,陪我走過倫敦的四季街景。

焦點轉換到照片右側的爺爺:

” Fred Collins’ hardware store in Earlham Streer. Founded almost a century and a half ago by a member of the Collins family, its daunting interior is a chaos of ancient and overflowing stock, stacked it would appear, at random. After 56 years behind the counter, however, Fred Collins knows precisely where to find each item.”

當時一邊讀著,腦海立馬想起台灣的五金行。上次帶山姆回家時,他更嚷嚷著那些老店充斥著一種難以描述的魅力,什麼都賣的Hardware store更是他最愛逛的店舖類型之一。

而鏡頭裡沒觸及到的,是在該照片被拍攝的幾年前,店舖所座落於Covent Garden柯芬園,正經歷被政府列入都更收購的命運。主角Fred Collin 爺爺,更身為社區委員會一員為區域賣命。

Google 搜尋起店舖資訊,更能看見不同時期,爺爺站在店門口意外被捕捉下的可愛身影!

「勢必是反抗成功了吧!」我私心這麼想著,但最近一次的照片仍停在1980年左右的倫敦。順著好奇心的尾巴,才發現在2000年初期,即便店舖創始的石磚小招牌還掛著,門市已被一間經營古著的二手店取代。

為了紀念,該店自創的品牌支線更命名為Fred Collins,覺得是份好可愛又暖活的心意。

覺得倫敦許多獨立小店之所以迷人,除了店舖所營造出的氛圍外,是那緊密與歷史串連著的故事性,更讓人感到愛不釋手。


10:30 AM – TOWERS OF POWER

”Battersea Power Station is a decommissioned coal-fired power station, located on the south bank of the River Thames ” – Wikipedia.

這座已荒廢的發電廠建於1941年,直到1983年(照片拍攝的前一年)被終止營運。至今,該區域早已被新建社區與高級公寓所填滿,與工業味濃厚的發電廠形成偌大的對比。

不過令人期待的是,該區域正進行全面的住商整合,幾週前造訪時的風景,已與兩三年前的荒涼有一定程度的差異。

值得補充的是,從Battersea Park順著Albert Bridge沿路過河,便直達全倫敦消費最貴的區域之一:Chelsea.

短短幾分鐘也能輕鬆撇見階級風景的置換,是倫敦日常裡很有趣的觀察之一。

Albert Bridge 也是我心中倫敦最美的一座橋,照片攝於幾週前的週末散步。

13:50 PM – MARKET DAY

”Stallholders on Camden Market look resigned to rather miserable mid-week takings. A maze of shops, barrows and stalls, the market, situated behind a lock on the Regent’s canal, has overtaken Portobello Road as trendy London’s favourite scavenging ground. ”

這是一張讓人瞬間感到時空混亂的照片。如果此刻讀著文章的你也住在倫敦,大概也會覺得:

1. 鏡頭裡人物的穿著,與週末一起逛著市集的路人風格不是太違和?

2. 架上成列的服飾風格,仍為現今二手市集的風格主流。

在尋寶的過程裡,不僅70-80年代的老衣隨處可見,更能輕鬆找到一些超過百年衣齡的古董物件。其普遍的程度,讓人不得不敬佩起這座國度對惜物、對文化念舊的體現,進而讓不同世代能因此擦肩、交錯與共鳴。

二手市集絕對是我認識這座城市最好的方式之一,也是生活在倫敦,很珍貴的樂趣來源。


18:00 PM – ROUND THE CLOCK SERVICE

” The Last Lamp Lighter: Mr Bullard on his rounds lighting the way for the law clerks, barristers and judges of the Middle Temple. An employee of North Thames Gas, Mr Bullard is a gaslamp lighter – the last lamp lighter in London. His hours are totally flexible, ranging from three in the afternoon to late in the evening, depending upon when the sun sets. He likes his job even though, as he admits, it is a very solitary trade. ”

讀到這裡,我想到每次走在已入夜的倫敦街頭,山姆常常會抬頭不經意地說:「妳看,這盞街燈仍是傳統的gas lamp,是由人工點亮的噢!」

當下感到一陣不可思議,更覺得自己彷彿離上個世紀的倫敦,似乎沒有那麼遠。

讀到2015年出版的某篇報導裡提及” 1,500 gas-powered lights, some up to 200 years old, continue to burn brightly in the capital, maintained by a five-man team. ” – Light brigade: carrying the torch for London’s last gas street lamps. (The Guardian)

談起對lamp lighter的印象,不能不提在英國家喻戶曉的音樂劇Mary Poppins. 該作品雖由迪士尼製作,故事卻以工業革命時期的英國為基底。男主角的職業,便是每晚點亮整座城市的煤燈工人。


22:30 PM – PARTY TIME

” The Proms – Polish conductor Andrzej Panufnik conducts his own Sinfonia Votiva, a highly emotive work he composed in 1980 during the summer in which martial law was proclaimed in Poland. ”

轉眼鐘擺走到近正午十二點,映入我眼簾的,有酒醉鬧事的青少年、倒在路邊醉得不醒人事的街友、兒童不宜的限制級歌舞廳,到高級飯店裡仍演奏著的爵士樂隊。

我特別挑了這張最跨越階級的結尾 – The Prom.

The proms – ”Promenade concerts’Proms’ is short for Promenade concerts – informal and inexpensive concerts with an opportunity for Promenaders (‘Prommers’) to stand and listen. ” – (BBC)

這份傳統一年一次於盛夏展開,地點在面對著Hyde Park的The Royal Albert Hall,搭配BBC實況轉播,轉眼就這樣延續了150年!

今年多虧了山姆的貼心,我順勢享受了幾場聲光饗宴。場地乍看豪華,但站票卻划算到台幣兩三百塊便能入場。


後記:謝謝陪我順著鐘擺走一圈的你!

其實在國外生活越久,內在無疑是個失根的過程。不僅對故鄉的黏著度隨著時間軸銳減、曾經再熟悉環境也能轉眼變的疏遠,思考起異地生根的可能性,更包裹著層層的不安與遲疑。

透過這些作品的視角,我輕鬆跳脫日常專注在「舒適度」來觀看自己生活在他方的樣子。理解那絢爛華麗的背後,這座城市的平凡與包袱。那些每天與我擦肩而過的千萬張臉孔,也瞬間被賦予了許多待探索的故事性。

這大概是我認為紀實攝影最迷人之處。